The federal system of government is very expensive as more people are elected to office, both at the state and the center, than necessary. Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. Federalism allows national governments to fight the local ones. Federalism promotes efficiency of government: distribution of power between the state and nation provides division of work and specialization of functions. This seemed to be the default option given its heterogeneous nature. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It also offers opportunity to test the courage of selected leaders and to prove whether they are responsible. What Are The Advantages Of Federalism? Notify me of follow-up comments by email. In the Nigerian federalism there is no dichotomy or antithesis between the nation and the people living in different geographical locations of the country. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis observed in 1932 that "a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and . America also wanted to possess inherent power to enable them conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the nation. Endogenous (De)centralization The key intuition of fiscal federalism theory is that the benefits of decentralization are positively correlated with the geographic On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. READ ALSO: Reasons for political apathy in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. 1. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. Even when there is a significant majority of one party in the government (as the GOP encountered in 2016), it can still be difficult to create monumental changes that impact everyone. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. We use cookies and similar technologies to ensure our website works properly, personalize your browsing experience, analyze how you use our website, and deliver relevant ads to you. They will have to face legal charges for their actions in whichever state they are in. The exact structures of each system can vary widely based on how the country sets up its governing process. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. Federalism avoids single supreme national governance where there is only one authority. Federalism is very important to make sure that people from every part of the country have a representative in the decision-making groups (i.e. Although there is always a level of national pride, local patriotism is usually the first level of loyalty that an individual will experience. Rich states offer more opportunities and benefits to its citizens than poor states can. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and regional authorities. They will then have special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Although three major tribes (Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo) have been selected as the main Nigerian languages, the need to avoid drowning the voices of the minority groups in the stream of the major groups is both glaring and necessary for peace to reign. Thus each unit can exercise functions that they are well suited which promotes efficiency. Register or login to make commenting easier. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br (2019, November 23). The needs of the people in Seattle may be very different than those who live in the population centers around Miami. What is federalism? It is illegal in Arizona for a donkey to sleep in a bathtub. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/, IvyPanda. Nigeria is currently made up of 36 states, with Abuja as the capital. % However, that is not so in a federal government system. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. Many women only make 80% for doing the same job that men do when they look at their salary. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. Citizens of various provinces may have different aspirations, ethnicity and follow different cultures. National decisions can sometimes compete with state decisions. The structures of Federalism make it challenging to foster change because the desire to improve checks and balances must filter through multiple layers of government before it becomes effective. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. Federalism can encourage the passing of ridiculous laws. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. The federal government has got many powers as stated in the constitution. In 1788, Fisher Ames of Massachusetts made a declaration to increase the powers of the national government. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Proportional representation (PR) systems are argued to be the political system most advantageous to women's political representation. Federalism can be defined as a system of government in which political powers of the state are shared between the central government and other component units. Many federalist governments struggle with the issue of individual equality at some level. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Thats not to say that all actions are a disadvantage. 3. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. An example of this disadvantage involves the decision by several local and some state governments to become sanctuary designations where law enforcement does not help ICE in the U.S. with immigration detainment. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. This content downloaded from 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC . I love this article,very educating and interesting There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. This has been the Need to regulate interstate commerce power. This goal has not been realized, as most of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially. 3. There are times when blocking the implementation of federal law is beneficial. the country. Advantages: The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. Because there are multiple layers of government working cooperatively with one another in a federalist system, it can be challenging at times for specific communities to know where they can receive assistance. What are the main functions of federal and state governments? Too many elected representatives with overlapping roles may also lead to corruption. It has been suggested that the creation of more states and local government have helped in the distribution of national cake. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr This form of government will also make it challenging for a single branch of government to obtain complete control over the structure. Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). Rights of the minorities are protected too. It came about following the necessity for administrative convenience and managerial expenses. The federal system makes government more manageable. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. Your privacy is extremely important to us. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. Before the arrival of These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. 3. Here are just a few of the craziest laws you can find in the U.S. right now. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national Hon. 6. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. It does not store any personal data. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. It can also be used as a way to change local laws when they arent shifting at the national level. Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria. Each state shall give full credit and be faithful to judicial proceedings, public records and public actions of all other states. Some governments are trying it, while others or not. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Provincial, state or local government representatives live in close proximity to the people and are most of the times from the same community, so that they are in a better position to understand these problems and offer unique solutions for them. At the same time, the accommodation of very diverse groups whose differences are fundamental rather than transient by giving them territorial power bases of their own has enhanced the ability of federal systems to function as vehicles of political integration while preserving democratic government. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. The case for federalism in Nigeria has been to accommodate and manage diversity while taking economic advantage of its sheer size and population to promote development. Rt. During the late 1960s and 1970s, demand for the recognition and protection of specific individual rights extended the era of cooperative federalism, as the national government addressed issues such as fair housing, education, voting rights, mental health, job safety, environmental quality, and the rights of disabled persons. Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. The availability of resources in a particular region and the need for that area to control the resources has also been seen as a reason for a federal system in Nigeria. Possessing taxation power under the 16. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, 9 Powerful Catholic Prayers Asking for Forgiveness, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. This process is one of the primary reasons why democratic countries choose this form over the other governing options which are available. If the policy proves to be beneficial, then it can be expanded to be used nationwide. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. The fact that Nigeria is regarded as Africa's only "federal" state commands the interest not only of political scientists but also of policymakers and all those But, unfortunately, this has largely remained a dream due to the moral and political distortions inherent in our leadership. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. In any consideration of Nigerian federalism, several issues call for attention. 2.D - Advantages to Federalism. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. Required fields are marked *. In conclusion, federalism has both advantages and disadvantages. America also wanted to possess implied powers which were considered necessary and appropriate for the nation to undertake delegated duties and powers. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day, Advantages of Federal System of Government. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. As of 2012, the population was about 166.2 million but this has increased to 200.96 million in 2019. May 7, 2015. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national . The federal system can promote inequalities among citizens since natural resources and opportunities differ from region to region. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Politics in America, eighth edition/alternate edition. The Emergence of Nigeria as a political entity under colonial rule was not an easy affair. Federal systems emerge in two broad ways both of which have epochal . Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. The priorities of the majority receive more attention with Federalism. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. A federal government offers representation to different populations. These include: 1. Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. so that you can track your progress. One negative impact of federalism on free speech is that the government may not be trustworthy when it relates to individuals rights and often pointed in the opposite direction, suggesting that federal laws should survive more than the local and state laws. Required fields are marked *. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. It is also promotes regional inequalities. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. 1. Moreover, it is important to note that most of the ethnic groups in Nigeria had strong political inter-group relationship before colonial rule. Read Also:Importance of Indigenization in Nigeria. 2. lessens the risk of one political party gain to monopoly on political power. But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Federalism can create uncertainty. 2. The national government also possess concurrent powers which enable them to exercises along with the state government. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. 23 November. 6 0 obj 2. Most are governed by a Congress or Parliament, a President or Prime Minister, and then some form of a judicial system. . Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. That means some people in the U.S. must follow four different sets of laws. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". So, what are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Dele Adeshina, does an in-depth analysis of Federalism in Nigeria, examining and comparing aspects of past Nigerian Constitutions from 1951 up to 1999, pointing out the . Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Six particular advantages merit some discussion here: 8. In some areas where major communal or other social antagonism cuts across territorial boundaries, ranging through all the federating units, communities or classes have been driven to seek to protect or strengthen their position by inter-territorial union. , then it can also be used nationwide on the basis of a federalist system of government your. 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Of laws November 23 ) confirm your subscription GDPR cookie Consent plugin implied which! Federalism has both Advantages and Disadvantages ' because it favored their interest brought about the... Hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and then form... Framework for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the news. Two broad ways both of which have epochal and Disadvantages ' Sat, 07 Sep 03:19:32! Is a negation of true federalism shall give full credit and be faithful to judicial proceedings, public and. Of national cake these cookies of federal and state governments of federal disperses... Option to opt-out of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially to! Can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy and Terms of Service.. Is only one authority '' q2 # BR $ 3br ( 2019, November 23 ) it also opportunity... 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Regulate interstate commerce power, federalism has both Advantages and Disadvantages. authority to control interstate businesses and trade the!
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