The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/12/books/reopening-mormon-murder-mystery-new-accusations-that-brigham-young-himself.html. Some settlers, the story goes, believed the pioneers had been involved in the murder of Parley Pratt, a popular Mormon apostle, in western Arkansas earlier that year. Good history must be based on facts. Seventeen children, all under 7, were spared. The only ones spared were 17 children under the age of eight, who were taken in by local Mormon families, and would later testify they saw their parents clothes and jewels being worn by locals. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. Brigham Young, December 12, 1850, daguerreotype. In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements, he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, We must not interfere with them. These clear and difficult-to-misread words were rushed to Cedar City after Young received an express from local setters there telling him of pending trouble. By early 1857 the Mormons were stockpiling weapons, and all but one of the federal judges and officers overseeing Indian affairs in the territory had fled, fearing for their safety. Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining `Wife: The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. Such ceremonies usually occurred when a widow was sealed to her dead husband for eternity and to a living husband for time in the same ceremony. RICHMOND, Va. (Reuters) - A Virginia state senator whose mentally ill son stabbed him 13 times and then committed suicide has filed a $6 million lawsuit against the state and a . Worcester also challenges Hotspur's temper, telling him You . He did not murder his own parents," she says. Black print with blue underprint on cardstock. Even though Young blessed it as a place to begin anew,his fears of continued religious persecution may have caused him to order a massacre. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. Rodriguez, of Henderson, Nev., allegedly stabbed her 6-year-old son 25 times as he called 911 for help. According to trial testimony given later by Haslam, when Haight read Young's words, he sobbed like a child and could manage only the words, "Too late, too late. Their corpses, stripped of clothes and jewelry, were left to be picked apart by wolves and buzzards. It was one of the worst American civilian atrocities of the 19th century. In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. We will miss him forever. Haight. Lorenzo remained in that noble calling until he died, 18 years after that. It makes me shudder. Sources conflict. Three of them bore him children. Though Brigham's family would later claim that the troublesome Ann Eliza was the one leading him on, the fact remains that they agreed to wed and were sealed on April 7, 1868. . Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War, Brigham Young and his entourage visited Mountain Meadows for the first time since 1857. Anyone can read what you share. While not on missions, Young lived with the Latter Day Saints in Kirtland, Ohio and Far West, Missouri. He felt, he said later, "as tho my head wo [ul]d crack.". According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. Brigham Young was in New England with Orson Pratt when he learned of Joseph's death. the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. He said the file included the notes of a Mormon historian who, at the request of church leaders, conducted a confidential investigation of the massacre in 1892. Young informed Van Vliet that he was skeptical that the army's intentions were peaceful and that the Mormons intended to resist occupation. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton dismiss these explanations as falsehoods planted to deflect blame from church headquarters. (Although few Paiutes were involved, Ms. Denton said, the massacre broke up the tribe anyway: realizing they would be blamed for the crime, the Indians dispersed.). After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. While looking at a Tombstone photo, I saw a sign that says mule and ox shoes to order. (Brigham Young was mistaken when he later testified that the meeting took place "some two of three months after the massacre" Young 1875.) [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. A BYU education should be spiritually strengthening, intellectually enlarging, and character building, leading to . My nephew Matt is completely innocent. [3], In 1840, Young moved to Scott County, Illinois when the Latter Day Saints were expelled from Missouri. In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. He relates that he was promoted to lay hands on the sufferer and rebuke the disease" and this action healed her. She was the daughter of Isaac Decker, a long-time friend of Brigham Young and his father John Young. And in the fall of 1842, Brigham Young faced a mysterious and deadly illness. She has two songs in the LDS hymnbook, is mother of six children, 10 grand, 5 great grandchildren. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. Before any of these events, which were instrumental in drawing the brothers to the truth, the youngest son, Lorenzo, at the young age of 9 years, experienced an extraordinary and prophetic dream. Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. And the suppressing of evidence, Andrew Hamilton said in 1735, ought always be taken for the best evidence.. They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. * He gave the names of forty odd Mormons who took part in the massacre, and said that Brigham Young was instigator of the whole proceeding. Or did his belief in heavenly justice prove him an unlikely culprit? [8] This letter has yet to be found,[9] but accounts say that it asked Young what, if anything, should be done with the BakerFancher party camped at nearby Mountain Meadows. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. Once, when returning to his ranch on the Jordan River, he was mistakenly taken as a thief, shot at and wounded in the arm, where the main artery was severed. [6] Young was present in Richmond, Missouri when Cowdery died. When the project was finished, there was still a great deal of money owed to Brigham Young by the Union Pacific and because of their financial difficulties, they were not able to meet the . Why didnt he use his powers as territorial governor to hunt down the men who committed this despicable crime? hamish blake olympic tattoomr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. Early on a Monday morning in September 1857, about 140 men, women and children on a California-bound wagon train were slaughtered under a flag of truce by Mormons who apparently considered the act . At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. Theres one answer to all these questions: Brigham Young ordered the murders as a righteous act of vengeance. The most common, and the only one currently practiced by the Mormon church, is a ceremony that seals a man and a woman for time (mortal life) and eternity. Surely the Brothers Young, with their gifts and their devotion, added to the music of joy and service that marked life among the early Latter-day Saints. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. ''The evidence is unambiguous. He stopped at the cairn the U.S. Armys First Dragoons had raised in 1859 over the grave of the emigrants whose scattered bones they had collected and buried. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. After five years researching and writing about this horrific atrocity, I doubted Id ever find a definitive answer to the question, Did Brigham Young order the murders at Mountain Meadows?, To my surprise, I found evidence that convinced me beyond a shadow of a doubt that Brigham Young issued orders (probably verbal) to kill everyone in the Fancher party except those of innocent bloodchildren under eight years of ageto fulfill his sacred vow to avenge the blood of the prophets Joseph and Hyrum Smith, and more specifically, Apostle Parley P. Pratt. He went on to become a missionary in England. With Tyrone Power, Linda Darnell, Dean Jagger, Brian Donlevy. (Right) John D. Lee. Brigham Young and His Wives. Instead, he accepted track and rolling equipment to build an extra rail line from Ogden to Salt Lake City. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. ''The legends attributed remarkable powers to the emigrant poison that match no substance known to modern pharmacology,'' Mr. Bagley writes, noting that a federal agent who investigated the tale dismissed it as ''too improbable to be true.''. The current round of debate may be the bluntest yet about the episode, which, in addition to investigative accounts, has inspired at least five novels in the last several years. Instagram: susanevansmccloudauthor. He recorded standing in an open space, seeing a carriage coming along a road that led up into the air. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. The carriage was white and brilliant with gold and the horses traveled like the wind. There were five stalwart brothers in the John Young family. In 1868, Brigham Young signed a grading contract with the Union Pacific Railroad to work on the transcontinental line in Utah. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. Brigham Young, who quickly took command of the church and its followers, tried to stifle any dissent and banish his rivals.The killing of Phineas Wilcox was part of his consolidation of power . Philip the ll was not stabbed by his son he was stabbed by a man who was very jealous of him. In this inspiring look at near-death experiences, authors Brent and Wendy Top illustrate how numerous recorded accounts of near-death experiences relate to Latter-day Saint teachings. Young was not complicit in planning or executing the massacre. 2015 - 2023
In this case, he argues, Young saw bloodshed as a righteous act, one that would avenge the Arkansas murder of the apostle, Pratt, and send a sober warning to the United States government about the risks of invading the Mormon state. One of his wives alleged he ordered the deaths of people who tried to leave the faith. So do some authors whove written about the Mountain Meadows Massacre. Brigham Young was also pinned with a monthly alimony payment of $500, as well as a then-whopping $3,000 in court fees. [18], Some time after Lee's meeting with Young, Jacob Hamblin said that he had heard a detailed description of the massacre and Mormon involvement from Lee and that Hamblin had reported it to Young and George A. Smith soon after the massacre. Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. James Haslam, who rode the 500-mile circuit in six days, recalled, Young told me [when riding back south] . At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. (The Rome-News refers to him as a Brigham Young University student, but EastIdahoNews.com could only confirm that he attended BYU-Idaho.). They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. 24 Jan 2022 02:14PM (Updated: 24 Jan 2022 05:31PM) SINGAPORE: A 15-year-old boy admitted on Monday (Jan 24) to killing his father after stabbing him in the neck . Virtually all the . Heres what they have planned, Why the Christian flag can fly on this government flagpole, Breaking the fast: Eid ul-Fitr is an occasion of peace, The unique stories and struggles of Latino Muslims, The Black church, religious freedom and gay rights. The events at Mountain Meadows do not suggest a conspiracy, and certainly none involving Young. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. Copy. "Territorial Dispatches: the Sentence of Lee", the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Mountain Meadows massacre and Mormon theology, "Brigham Young, 2nd President of the Church", "Deposition of Brigham Young Regarding the Mountain Meadows Massacre July 30, 1875", Tragedy at Mountain Meadows Massacre: Toward a Consensus Account and Time Line, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, "Loose in the stacks, a half-century with the Utah War and its legacy", "The Mountain Meadows Massacre: An Analytical Narrative Based on Participant Confessions", "Visit of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs to Southern Utah", "Horrible Massacre of Arkansas and Missouri Emigrants", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigham_Young_and_the_Mountain_Meadows_Massacre&oldid=1124726578, Books about presidents of the church (LDS Church), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 30 November 2022, at 05:21. As Latter-day Saints, we know that death isn't the end. Brigham Young ( /brm/; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. The document is among the Brigham Young Office Papers at the Church History Library. For instance, during his time with Zion's Camp, cholera swept among the men and he watched "other men die like flies, but his own life was spared" ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). Adding fuel to Mormon rage, they argue, was the killing, a few months before the massacre, of Apostle Parley P. Pratt. Stubborn and determined, he kept riding until he reached the home of a friend. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? There were several times when Brigham Young's life was spared or his health inexplicably restored, according to BYU professor of Mormon History Donald Q. Cannon ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). '', See the article in its original context from. After conversion to the gospel, Lorenzo continued to be a visionary man, experiencing much by means of the Spirit which strengthened and enlightened him. '', That conclusion is vigorously disputed by three Mormon church historians, who vow their own history of the massacre, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2004, will exonerate Young. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. He once said to his brother Brigham, "There is not a Bible Christian in the world; what will become of the people?". [25][26] Prior to his execution, Lee claimed that he was a scapegoat for others involved: I have always believed, since that day, that General George A. Smith was then visiting Southern Utah to prepare the people for the work of exterminating Captain Fancher's train of emigrants, and I now believe that he was sent for that purpose by the direct command of Brigham Young. He also has photos on Instagram from his Latter-day Saint mission, and a May 2019 picture shows him and Davis holding seminary graduation certificates together. Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. [4] By 1841 he had relocated to Nauvoo. Friends Who Liked This Quote. For instance, at first, Phineas was expecting perhaps even a little bit hoping to find error in this new, strange book and to expose the errors he found that they might not lead others astray. (Young had at least 20 wives -- by some estimates as many as 56 -- and up to 57 children.). Weeks after Young's proclamation, in the high desert of the Utah territory, LDS Mormons murdered more than 100 Arkansas migrants. But despite two trials, one execution and many official investigations, the event -- known as the Mountain Meadows massacre -- remains shrouded in mystery and rumor. 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