You must open the external keystore so that it is accessible to the database before you can perform any encryption or decryption. Parameter of the wallet resource locator (for example, absolute directory location of the wallet or keystore, if WRL_TYPE = FILE) STATUS. Please abide by the Oracle Community guidelines and refrain from posting any customer or personally identifiable information (PI/CI). Rekey the master encryption key of the remotely cloned PDB. This background process ensures that the external key manager is available and that the TDE master encryption key of the PDB is available from the external key manager and can be used for both encryption and decryption. You cannot move the master encryption key from a keystore in the CDB root to a keystore in a PDB, and vice versa. While I realize most clients are no longer in 11.2.0.4, this information remains valid for anyone upgrading from 11.2 to 12, 18 or 19c. Instead, we are going to use the new WALLET_ROOTand TDE_CONFIGURATION database parameter. UNDEFINED: The database could not determine the status of the wallet. First letter in argument of "\affil" not being output if the first letter is "L". About Managing Keystores and TDE Master Encryption Keys in United Mode, Operations That Are Allowed in United Mode, Operations That Are Not Allowed in a United Mode PDB, Configuring the Keystore Location and Type for United Mode, Configuring a Software Keystore for Use in United Mode, Configuring an External Keystore in United Mode, Administering Keystores and TDE Master Encryption Keys in United Mode, Administering Transparent Data Encryption in United Mode, Managing Keystores and TDE Master Encryption Keys in United Mode, Configuring United Mode by Editing the Initialization Parameter File, Configuring United Mode with the Initialization Parameter File and ALTER SYSTEM, About Configuring a Software Keystore in United Mode, Opening the Software Keystore in a United Mode PDB, Step 3: Set the TDE Master Encryption Key in the Software Keystore in United Mode, Configuring an External Store for a Keystore Password, About Setting the Software Keystore TDE Master Encryption Key, Encryption Conversions for Tablespaces and Databases, About Configuring an External Keystore in United Mode, Step 1: Configure the External Keystore for United Mode, Step 3: Set the First TDE Master Encryption Key in the External Keystore, Opening an External Keystore in a United Mode PDB, How Keystore Open and Close Operations Work in United Mode, About Setting the External Keystore TDE Master Encryption Key, Heartbeat Batch Size for External Keystores, Setting the TDE Master Encryption Key in the United Mode External Keystore, Migration of a Previously Configured TDE Master Encryption Key, Setting a New TDE Master Encryption Key in Isolated Mode, Migrating Between a Software Password Keystore and an External Keystore, Changing the Keystore Password in United Mode, Backing Up a Password-Protected Software Keystore in United Mode, Creating a User-Defined TDE Master Encryption Key in United Mode, Example: Creating a Master Encryption Key in All PDBs, Creating a TDE Master Encryption Key for Later Use in United Mode, Activating a TDE Master Encryption Key in United Mode, Rekeying the TDE Master Encryption Key in United Mode, Finding the TDE Master Encryption Key That Is in Use in United Mode, Creating a Custom Attribute Tag in United Mode, Moving a TDE Master Encryption Key into a New Keystore in United Mode, Automatically Removing Inactive TDE Master Encryption Keys in United Mode, Changing the Password-Protected Software Keystore Password in United Mode, Changing the Password of an External Keystore in United Mode, Performing Operations That Require a Keystore Password, Changing the Password of a Software Keystore, Backing Up Password-Protected Software Keystores, Closing a Software Keystore in United Mode, Closing an External Keystore in United Mode, Supported Encryption and Integrity Algorithms, Creating TDE Master Encryption Keys for Later Use, About Rekeying the TDE Master Encryption Key, Moving PDBs from One CDB to Another in United Mode, Unplugging and Plugging a PDB with Encrypted Data in a CDB in United Mode, Managing Cloned PDBs with Encrypted Data in United Mode, Finding the Keystore Status for All of the PDBs in United Mode, Unplugging a PDB That Has Encrypted Data in United Mode, Plugging a PDB That Has Encrypted Data into a CDB in United Mode, Unplugging a PDB That Has Master Encryption Keys Stored in an External Keystore in United Mode, Plugging a PDB That Has Master Encryption Keys Stored in an External Keystore in United Mode, About Managing Cloned PDBs That Have Encrypted Data in United Mode, Cloning a PDB with Encrypted Data in a CDB in United Mode, Performing a Remote Clone of PDB with Encrypted Data Between Two CDBs in United Mode, TDE Academy Videos: Remotely Cloning and Upgrading Encrypted PDBs, Relocating a PDB with Encrypted Data Across CDBs in United Mode, TDE Academy #01: Remote clone and upgrade encrypted 18c PDBs to 19c, TDE Academy #02: Remote clone and upgrade encrypted 12.2.0.1 PDBs to 19c, TDE Academy #03: Remote clone and upgrade encrypted 12.1.0.2 PDBs to 19c, Iteration 1: batch consists of containers: 1 2 3, Iteration 2: batch consists of containers: 1 4 5, Iteration 3: batch consists of containers: 1 6 7, Iteration 4: batch consists of containers: 1 8 9, Iteration 5: batch consists of containers: 1 10, Iteration 1: batch consists of containers: 1 3 5, Iteration 2: batch consists of containers: 1 7 9, Iteration 3: batch consists of containers: 1, Iteration 1: batch consists of containers: 2 4 6, Iteration 2: batch consists of containers: 8 10. This value is also used for rows in non-CDBs. After executing the above command, provide appropriate permission to <software_wallet_location>. Cause In this Document Symptoms Cause Solution My Oracle Support provides customers with access to over a million knowledge articles and a vibrant support community of peers and Oracle experts. Parent topic: Managing Cloned PDBs with Encrypted Data in United Mode. Move the keys from the keystore of the CDB root into the isolated mode keystore of the PDB by using the following syntax: Confirm that the united mode PDB is now an isolated mode PDB. Along with the current master encryption key, Oracle keystores maintain historical master encryption keys that are generated after every re-key operation that rotates the master encryption key. When the CDB$ROOT is configured to use an external key manager, then each batch of heartbeats includes one heartbeat for the CDB$ROOT. The following command will create the password-protected keystore, which is the ewallet.p12 file. select STATUS from V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET; --> CLOSED Open the keystore file by running the following command. This allows a cloned PDB to operate on the encrypted data. To start the database by pointing to the location of the initialization file where you added the WALLET_ROOT setting, issue a STARTUP command similar to the following: keystore_type can be one of the following settings for united mode: OKV configures an Oracle Key Vault keystore. select wrl_type wallet,status,wrl_parameter wallet_location from v$encryption_wallet; WALLET STATUS WALLET_LOCATION ----------------- -------------- ------------------------------ FILE OPEN C:\ORACLE\ADMIN\XE\WALLET Status: NOT_AVAILABLE means no wallet present & CLOSED means it's closed Loading. The WRL_PARAMETER column shows the CDB root keystore location being in the $ORACLE_BASE/wallet/tde directory. This feature enables you to hide the password from the operating system: it removes the need for storing clear-text keystore passwords in scripts or other tools that can access the database without user intervention, such as overnight batch scripts. Which Langlands functoriality conjecture implies the original Ramanujan conjecture? Rekey the TDE master encryption key by using the following syntax: keystore_password is the password that was created for this keystore. This way, you can centrally locate the password and then update it only once in the external store. In this root container of the target database, create a database link that connects to the root container of the source CDB. You can control the size of the batch of heartbeats issued during each heartbeat period. v$encryption_wallet, gv$encryption_wallet shows WALLET_TYPE as UNKNOWN. Log in to the PDB as a user who has been granted the. By querying v$encryption_wallet, the auto-login wallet will open automatically. A keystore must be opened before you can create a TDE master encryption key for use later on in united mode. Enclose this identifier in single quotation marks (''). Include the FORCE KEYSTORE clause in the ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement. From the main menu, go to "Marketplace", "Applications" and search for "Oracle Database". Open the PDBs, and create the master encryption key for each one. Any PDB that is in isolated mode is not affected. Reduce costs, increase automation, and drive business value. You must open the keystore for this operation. Develop an actionable cloud strategy and roadmap that strikes the right balance between agility, efficiency, innovation and security. administer key management set keystore close identified by "<wallet password>"; administer key management set keystore open identified by "<wallet password>"; administer key management set keystore close identified by "null"; administer key management set keystore open identified . Create wallet directory for CDB-Root and all PDBs using the following commands: mkdir -p <software_wallet_location> chown -R oracle:oinstall <software_wallet_location>. Visit our Welcome Center. Take full advantage of the capabilities of Amazon Web Services and automated cloud operation. If the keystore was created with the mkstore utility, then the WALLET_TYPE is UNKNOWN. Create the user-defined TDE master encryption key by using the following syntax: Create the TDE master encryption key by using the following syntax: If necessary, activate the TDE master encryption key. V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET View PDF V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET displays information on the status of the wallet and the wallet location for transparent data encryption. Back up the keystore by using the following syntax: USING backup_identifier is an optional string that you can provide to identify the backup. Log in to the united mode PDB as a user who has been granted the. Can anyone explain what could be the problem or what am I missing here? Suppose the container list is 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10, with all containers configured to use Oracle Key Vault (OKV). To conduct a test, we let the user connect and do some work, and then issue a "shutdown abort" in the node/instance they are connected to. To change the password of an external keystore, you must close the external keystore and then change the password from the external keystore management interface. Parent topic: Administering Keystores and TDE Master Encryption Keys in United Mode. In the following example, there is no heartbeat for the CDB$ROOT, because it is configured to use FILE. This is because the plugged-in PDB initially uses the key that was extracted from the wallet of the source PDB. You can clone or relocate encrypted PDBs within the same container database, or across container databases. All Rights Reserved. In united mode, you can clone a PDB that has encrypted data in a CDB. NONE: This value is seen when this column is queried from the CDB$ROOT, or when the database is a non-CDB. Required fields are marked *. You do not need to manually open these from the CDB root first, or from the PDB. To conduct a test, we let the user connect and do some work, and then issue a "shutdown abort" in the node/instance they are connected to. Oracle recommends that you set the parameters WALLET_ROOT and TDE_CONFIGURATION for new deployments. VARCHAR2(30) Status of the wallet. Parent topic: Changing the Keystore Password in United Mode. After you execute this statement, a master encryption key is created in each PDB. Set the master encryption key by executing the following command: To open an external keystore in united mode, you must use the ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement with the SET KEYSTORE OPEN clause. Select a discussion category from the picklist. The WALLET_ROOT parameter sets the location for the wallet directory and the TDE_CONFIGURATION parameter sets the type of keystore to use. Locate the initialization parameter file for the database. ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=/u01/app/oracle/admin/ORCL/wallet/tde))). ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT operations that are not allowed in a united mode PDB can be performed in the CDB root. You are not able to query the data now unless you open the wallet first. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? It uses the FORCE KEYSTORE clause in the event that the auto-login keystore in the CDB root is open. Parent topic: Step 3: Set the First TDE Master Encryption Key in the External Keystore. Replace keystore_password with the password of the keystore of the CDB where the cdb1_pdb3 clone is created. If there is a dependent keystore that is open (for example, an isolated mode PDB keystore and you are trying to close the CDB root keystore), then an ORA-46692 cannot close wallet error appears. To find a list of TDE master encryption key identifiers, query the KEY_ID column of the V$ENCRYPTION_KEYS dynamic view. If we check the v$encryption_keys at this moment, we will see that there are no keys yet (no value in the KEY_ID column). Open the master encryption key of the plugged PDB. backup_identifier defines the tag values. For example, if you had exported the PDB data into an XML file: If you had exported the PDB into an archive file: During the open operation of the PDB after the plug operation, Oracle Database determines if the PDB has encrypted data. Create a Secure External Password Store (SEPS). USING ALGORITHM: Specify one of the following supported algorithms: If you omit the algorithm, then the default, AES256, is used. For example, to create a tag that uses two values, one to capture a specific session ID and the second to capture a specific terminal ID: Both the session ID (3205062574) and terminal ID (xcvt) can derive their values by using either the SYS_CONTEXT function with the USERENV namespace, or by using the USERENV function. The HEARTBEAT_BATCH_SIZE parameter configures the size of the batch of heartbeats sent per heartbeat period to the external key manager. Create a master encryption key per PDB by executing the following command. Close the connection to the external key manager: If the keystore was auto-opened by the database, then close the connection to the external key manager as follows: For an external keystore whose password is stored externally: For a password-protected software keystore, use the following syntax if you are in the CDB root: For an auto-login or local auto-login software keystore, use this syntax if you are in the CDB root: For example, to export the PDB data into an XML file: To export the PDB data into an archive file: If the software keystore of the CDB is not open, open it for the container and all open PDBs by using the following syntax: If the software keystore of the CDB is open, connect to the plugged-in PDB and then open the keystore by using the following syntax. FORCE KEYSTORE enables the keystore operation if the keystore is closed. The IDENTIFIED BY EXTERNAL STORE clause is included in the statement because the keystore credentials exist in an external store. Additionally why might v$ view and gv$ view contradict one another in regards to open/close status of wallet? keystore_location is the path to the keystore directory location of the password-protected keystore for which you want to create the auto-login keystore. To create a user-defined TDE master encryption key, use the ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement with the SET | CREATE [ENCRYPTION] KEY clause. OKV specifies an Oracle Key Vault keystore. Don't have a My Oracle Support Community account? In united mode, an external keystore resides in an external key manager, which is designed to store encryption keys. To set the TDE master encryption key in the keystore when the PDB is configured in united mode, use the ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement with the SET KEY clause. In united mode, you can unplug a PDB with encrypted data and export it into an XML file or an archive file. You can see its enabled for SSL in the following file: I was able to find a document called After Applying October 2018 CPU/PSU, Auto-Login Wallet Stops Working For TDE With FIPS Mode Enabled (Doc ID 2474806.1). Access to teams of experts that will allow you to spend your time growing your business and turning your data into value. To find the status, for a non-multitenant environment, query the OPEN_MODE column of the V$DATABASE dynamic view. Type of the wallet resource locator (for example, FILE), Parameter of the wallet resource locator (for example, absolute directory location of the wallet or keystore, if WRL_TYPE = FILE). Rekey the master encryption key of the relocated PDB. Do not include the CONTAINER clause. If necessary, query the TAG column of the V$ENCRYPTION_KEY dynamic view to find a listing of existing tags for the TDE master encryption keys. You must migrate the previously configured TDE master encryption key if you previously configured a software keystore. Create a customized, scalable cloud-native data platform on your preferred cloud provider. For example, to configure your database to use Oracle Key Vault: After you have configured the external keystore, you must open it before it can be used. Open the keystore in the CDB root by using one of the following methods: In the plugged-in PDB, set the TDE master encryption key for the PDB by using the following syntax: You can unplug a PDB from one CDB that has been configured with an external keystore and then plug it into another CDB also configured with an external keystore. You can migrate from the software to the external keystore. Connect as a user who has who has been granted the. In the following version, the password for the keystore is external, so the EXTERNAL STORE clause is used. Parent topic: Configuring an External Keystore in United Mode. You must provide this password even if the target database is using an auto-login software keystore. Rekey the master encryption key of the cloned PDB. administer key management set key identified by MyWalletPW_12 with backup container=ALL; Now, the STATUS changed to. You cannot change keystore passwords from a united mode PDB. V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET displays information on the status of the wallet and the wallet location for Transparent Data Encryption. Along with the current master encryption key, Oracle wallets maintain historical master encryption keys that are generated after every re-key operation that rekeys the master encryption key. We have to close the password wallet and open the autologin wallet. Why do we kill some animals but not others? IMPORTANT: DO NOT recreate the ewallet.p12 file! For united mode, you can configure the keystore location and type by using only parameters or a combination of parameters and the ALTER SYSTEM statement. I'm really excited to be writing this post and I'm hoping it serves as helpful content. This button displays the currently selected search type. This column is available starting with Oracle Database release 18c, version 18.1. You can perform general administrative tasks with Transparent Data Encryption in united mode. master_key_identifier identifies the TDE master encryption key for which the tag is set. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. If there is only one type of keystore (Hardware Security Module or Software Keystore) being used, then PRIMARY will appear. The location is defined by the ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATIONparameter in sqlnet.ora. IDENTIFIED BY can be one of the following settings: EXTERNAL STORE uses the keystore password stored in the external store to perform the keystore operation. SQL> select WRL_PARAMETER,STATUS from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_PARAMETER STATUS ----------------------------- ------------------------------ +DATA/DBOMSRE7B249/ CLOSED Create the keystore using sqlplus. When you plug an unplugged PDB into another CDB, the key version is set to, You can check if a PDB has already been unplugged by querying the, You can check if a PDB has already been plugged in by querying the. In this scenario, because of concurrent access to encrypted objects in the database, the auto-login keystore continues to open immediately after it has been closed but before a user has had a chance to open the password-based keystore. When cloning a PDB, the wallet password is needed. After the united mode PDB has been converted to an isolated mode PDB, you can change the password of the keystore. I created the wallet. To check the current container, run the SHOW CON_NAME command. Ensure that the master encryption keys from the external keystore that has been configured with the source CDB are available in the external keystore of the destination CDB. Sci fi book about a character with an implant/enhanced capabilities who was hired to assassinate a member of elite society, Active Directory: Account Operators can delete Domain Admin accounts. If there is only one type of keystore (Hardware Security Module or Software Keystore) being used, then SINGLE will appear. SQL>. I'll try to keep it as simple as possible. Restart the database so that these settings take effect. UNDEFINED: The database could not determine the status of the wallet. Displays the type of keystore being used, HSM or SOFTWARE_KEYSTORE. Check Oracle documentation before trying anything in a production environment. Now we have a wallet, but the STATUS is CLOSED. 1. Even though the HEARTBEAT_BATCH_SIZE parameter configures the number of heartbeats sent in a batch, if the CDB$ROOT is configured to use an external key manager, then each heartbeat batch must include a heartbeat for the CDB$ROOT. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. When a PDB is configured to use an external key manager, the GEN0 background process must perform a heartbeat request on behalf of the PDB to the external key manager. Trying to create the wallet with ALTER SYSTEM command fails with the error message: SQL> alter system set encryption key identified by "********"; V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET shows correct wallet location on all nodes but GV$ENCRYPTION_WALLET is not showing the correct wallet location(the one defined in sqlnet.ora file). The minimum value of the HEARTBEAT_BATCH_SIZE parameter is 2 and its maximum value is 100. Parent topic: Unplugging and Plugging a PDB with Encrypted Data in a CDB in United Mode. Oracle Database uses the master encryption key to encrypt or decrypt TDE table keys or tablespace encryption keys inside the external keystore. In the CDB root, create the keystore, open the keystore, and then create the TDE master encryption key. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. If you have already configured a software keystore for TDE, then you must migrate the database to the external key store. Without knowing what exactly you did, all I can say is it should work, but if you use Grid Infrastructure, you may need some additional configuration. When you run ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statements in united mode from the CDB root, if the statement accepts the CONTAINER clause, and if you set it to ALL, then the statement applies only to the CDB root and its associated united mode PDBs. FORCE KEYSTORE temporarily opens the password-protected keystore for this operation if an auto-login keystore is open (and in use) or if the keystore is closed. Conversely, you can unplug this PDB from the CDB. Detect anomalies, automate manual activities and more. insert into pioro.test . If you perform an ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN statement in the CDB root and set the CONTAINER clause to ALL, then the keystore will only be opened in each open PDB that is configured in united mode. Available Operations in a United Mode PDB. Create the custom attribute tag by using the following syntax: tag is the associated attributes or information that you define. Thanks for contributing an answer to Database Administrators Stack Exchange! When I tried to open the database, this is what appeared in the alert.log: I did a rollback of the patch, and as soon as I rolled back the patch, the database opened: After many days of looking for information to address the error, I noticed that FIPS 140-2 was enabled. OPEN. Drive business value through automation and analytics using Azures cloud-native features. Parent topic: Administering Transparent Data Encryption in United Mode. You can create a separate keystore password for each PDB in united mode. Whether you want professional consulting, help with migration or end-to-end managed services for a fixed monthly fee, Pythian offers the deep expertise you need. If you are in a multitenant environment, then run the show pdbs command. The goal was to patch my client to October 2018 PSU; obtaining enough security leverage to avoid patching their database and do their DB (database) upgrade to 18c. If only a single wallet is configured, the value in this column is SINGLE. By default, during a PDB clone or relocate operation, the data encryption keys are rekeyed, which implies a re-encryption of all encrypted tablespaces. The VALUE column should show the keystore type, prepended with KEYSTORE_CONFIGURATION=. After the restart of the database instance, the wallet is closed. Type of the wallet resource locator (for example, FILE), Parameter of the wallet resource locator (for example, absolute directory location of the wallet or keystore, if WRL_TYPE = FILE), NOT_AVAILABLE: The wallet is not available in the location specified by the WALLET_ROOT initialization parameter, OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY: The wallet is open, but no master key is set. The connection fails over to another live node just fine. If at that time no password was given, then the password in the ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement becomes NULL. In this output, there is no keystore path listed for the other PDBs in this CDB because these PDBs use the keystore in the CDB root. Enterprise Data Platform for Google Cloud, After Applying October 2018 CPU/PSU, Auto-Login Wallet Stops Working For TDE With FIPS Mode Enabled (Doc ID 2474806.1), Schedule a call with our team to get the conversation started. The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. When you clone a PDB, you must make the master encryption key of the source PDB available to cloned PDB. A thousand may fall at your side, ten thousand at your right hand, but it will not come near you. In united mode, for a PDB that has encrypted data, you can plug it into a CDB. This feature enables you to delete unused keys. ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY DARE4Oracle; Verify: select STATUS from V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET; --> OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY Set the TDE master encryption key by completing the following steps. scope_type sets the type of scope (for example, both, memory, spfile, pfile. You can set the master encryption key if OPEN_MODE is set to READ WRITE. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Afterward, you can perform the operation. rev2023.2.28.43265. Create a database link for the PDB that you want to clone. To open the wallet in this configuration, the password of the isolated wallet must be used. In the body, insert detailed information, including Oracle product and version. SQL> set linesize 300SQL> col WRL_PARAMETER for a60SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE WRL_PARAMETER STATUS-------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------file OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY. The password is stored externally, so the EXTERNAL STORE setting is used for the IDENTIFIED BY clause. Thanks. The lookup of the master key will happen in the primary keystore first, and then in the secondary keystore, if required. The ID of the container to which the data pertains. The ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT statement then copies (rather than moves) the keys from the wallet of the CDB root into the isolated mode PDB. You can find if the source database has encrypted data or a TDE master encryption key set in the keystore by querying the V$ENCRYPTION_KEYS dynamic view. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? It omits the algorithm specification, so the default algorithm AES256 is used. For example, if 500 PDBs are configured and are using Oracle Key Vault, the usual time taken by GEN0 to perform a heartbeat on behalf of a single PDB is less than half a second. To avoid the situation in step 9, we will create an auto-login wallet (cwallet.sso) from the password wallet (ewallet.p12) that gets opened automatically after the database instance restart. In united mode, the TDE master encryption key in use of the PDB is the one that was activated most recently for that PDB. You can find the location of these files by querying the WRL_PARAMETER column of the V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET view. CONTAINER: If you include this clause, then set it to CURRENT. Closing a keystore on a PDB blocks all of the Transparent Data Encryption operations on that PDB.
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