relief features of deserts of pakistanrelief features of deserts of pakistan
Other subtropical deserts include the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa and the Tanami Desert in northern Australia.Coastal DesertsCold ocean currents contribute to the formation of coastal deserts. Seeking greater economic opportunities, farmers in Madagascar engaged in slash-and-burn agriculture. The resulting fences break the force of the wind at ground level, stopping dune movement by confining the sand within the squares of the grid.New technologies are also being developed to combat desertification. Rainstorms sometimes come as violent cloudbursts. Seven statesWyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and Californiarely on the river for some of their water supply.People often modify rivers to help distribute and store water in a desert. This is an extensive area of 347,190km2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: In stark contrast to its arid desert landscape, the desert is home Dodhla Forest, one of Pakistans most well-protected rainforest. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. Tiny, high windows let in only a little light and helped keep out dust and sand. These developing countries use Lake Chads shallow waters for agriculture, industry, and hygiene. The desert was used for nuclear testing by the Pakistan military, making it the most famous of the five deserts. Engaged in the production of a variety of handcrafted items including the very famous Cholistani Khussas, the cottage industry in the Cholistan Desert serves as the economic engine of the region. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. In some deserts, temperatures rise so high that people are at risk of dehydration and even death. The grasses form the main natural resources of the desert. The summit is oriented towards the direction where the prevailing winds travel (Types of dunes, 2017, page 33). Climate scientists predict that global warming will lead to more rainfall in some regions, but less rainfall in other places. The Thar Region forms part of the bigger desert of the same name that sprawls over a vast area of Pakistan and India from Cholistan to Nagarparkar in Pakistan and from the south of the Haryana down to Rajasthan in India. What are the relief features that are found in the Northern plains? The descending air warms up, making it difficult for clouds to form.Death Valley, in the U.S. states of California and Nevada, is a rain shadow desert. This is an extensive area of 347,190 km 2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: Basins of Northern Balochistan Basins of Western Balochistan Mountain ranges Coastal areas Salt Range in District Minawali Punjab Pakistan Salt Range [ edit] Windstorms in the Sahara hurl so much material into the air that African dust sometimes crosses the Atlantic Ocean. This method relies on cutting and burning forests to create fields for crops. A flash flood like this can sweep away anything and anyone in its path. Cities like New York City, New York, and Atlanta, Georgia, can be 5 degrees warmer than the surrounding area. These polar deserts contain great quantities of water, but most of it is locked in glaciers and ice sheets year-round. Desert parks, such as Death Valley National Park, California, attract thousands of visitors every year. ;,GSL0X*G6]}?r?pp$a3,25(>sG}#vs]#Ih]6MY1BtlL3l5vaRtjmQ\ k/kE{Z27Vp-.yE(YJ>Ws{8#m0g7)N6U*=9e/|!M. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? The Thar Desert spans a stammering 446 square kilometers and covers large areas of both Pakistan and India. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. TheCold Desertis a high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion. Pakistan is divided into three major geographic areas: the northern highlands; the Indus River plain, with two major subdivisions corresponding roughly to the provinces of Punjab and Sindh; and the Balochistan Plateau. Daytime temperatures in the Chihuahua can climb beyond 37C (100F), while nighttime temperatures can dip below freezing (0C or 32F). In the deserts of the Middle East and Asia, nomadic tent communities continue to flourish. More than 30 percent of the grasslands of Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia are faced with desertification.People often overuse natural resources to survive and profit in the short term, while neglecting long-term sustainability. The name "Cholistan" is derived from the Turkish word "chol," meaning "desert," though the desert is locally known as Rohi. The deserts of Patagonia, the largest in South America, are expanding due to desertification. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. So desert plants typically have tiny, waxy leaves. They include:-. High elevations modify the climate in the cold, snow-covered northern mountains; temperatures on the Balochistan plateau are somewhat higher. There are five deserts in Pakistan. Dust storms and dust-raising winds, often blowing with velocities of 87 to 93 miles (140 to 150 km) per hour, are common in May and June. The two highest peaks in the Tien Shan are Victory Peak, which stands at 7,439 meters (24,406 feet), and Khan Tngiri Peak, which stands at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). They have a low organic content and are collectively known as the khaddar soils. Mountain soils are both residual (i.e., formed in a stationary position) and transported. States of the Colorado River Basin continue to negotiate today to prepare for population growth, agricultural development, and the possibility of future droughts.Life in the DesertPlants and animals adapt to desert habitats in many ways. However, it comes at a cost to the environment. Under maritime influence, precipitation increases slightly to about 6 inches (155 mm) at Hyderabad and 8 inches (200 mm) at Karachi. The Baluchistan Plateau 4. The Indus River basin is a large, fertile alluvial plain formed by silt from the Indus. In Arabia, Australia and North Africa reach altitudes of 100 meters and lengths greater than 100 kilometers (Araucania Geological Routes, 2017). It has height up to of 4712 metres. The Sindh. Tent walls are made of thick, sturdy cloth that can keep out sand and dust, but also allow cool breezes to blow through. They are used to grow different kinds of crops. TheThar Desertspans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas ofPakistanandIndia. One railway line serves the southern part of the region. These oases are supported by some of the worlds largest supplies of underground water. According to their movement, the dunes are divided into five classes: They have an inverted"U"shape and point to the opposite direction of the wind. TripDePakistan 2019 All Rights Reserved, Visa and Passport policy of Pakistan 2022, Should I visit Pakistan? The surface is made up of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over 1.8 million years. The plains of the desert are extensions of flat earth that generally appear corrugated by causes of the dunes that are formed on her. Some areas of the Atacama are often covered by fog. (iii) This region receives very low rainfall, below 150 mm per year. . The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. So yes, these are the physical geography features of our country. The Thar Desert is a vast dry area covering over 200,000 square kilometers. [2] The Sutlej river, however, is mostly on the Indian side of the border. Thar is the largest desert of Pakistan. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Foxes, coyotes, rats, and rabbits are all nocturnal desert mammals. South Africa is losing 300-400 million metric tons (330-441 short tons) of topsoil each year.Many countries are working to reduce the rates of desertification. The parabolic dunes typically have two arms and a top that joins them. However, as the season of harvest gets over, the roots of the crops die off, returning the desert to its actual state of naked emptiness. The plants soak up water quickly and store it in their cells. Kaffiyehs are secured around the head with a cord called an agal. 10th Class Social 1st Lesson India: Relief Features 4 Marks Important Questions and Answers. The Indus basin soils are mostly thick alluvium deposited by rivers and are of recent origin. Karakum desert. The surface consists of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over the past 1.8 million years. Thar Desert, also called Great Indian Desert, arid region of rolling sand hills on the Indian subcontinent. The thorny devil, a lizard that lives in the Australian Outback, has a system of tiny grooves and channels on its body that lead to its mouth. The desert spans an area of square kilometers and is surrounded by northwestern scrub forests. It seeps into the ground, where it can remain for thousands of years.Underground water sometimes rises to the surface, forming springs or seeps. The Western Mountains 3. The vegetation is equipped to survive the scarcity of rainfall and humidity. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. We use cookies to provide our online service. The 20-inch (500-mm) precipitation line, which runs northwest from near Lahore, marks off the Potwar Plateau and a part of the Indus plain in the northeast; these areas receive enough rainfall for dry farming (farming without irrigation). Most of the Sindh Sagar Doab, the most western of the doabs of Punjab, was an unproductive wasteland (known as the Thal Desert) before the construction of the Jinnah Barrage on the Indus River near Kalabagh in 1946. The desert is also the home of the endangered great bustard. About 90 percent of the total annual rainfall occurs during the season of the southwest monsoon, from July to September (see also Indian monsoon). The ground heats the air so much that air rises in waves you can actually see. Where water is available, farmers grow crops such as wheat and cotton. Coal of a medium quality is also found. Nanoclay keeps the sand moist, clumping it together and preventing it from blowing away.Deserts Get HotterRising temperatures can have huge effects on fragile desert ecosystems. Others are dry expanses of rock, sand, or salt flats.Kinds of DesertsThe worlds deserts can be divided into five typessubtropical, coastal, rain shadow, interior, and polar. The Thar Desert is located on the leeward side of Aravalis. Agricultural production is devastated, and the economy of a region suffers. The world's coldest desert is Antarctica. It has are mountains, desert areas, snowy areas and plain lands too. The Dead Sea has had flourishing spas since the time of King David.Air transportation and the development of air conditioning have made the sunny climate of deserts even more accessible and attractive to people from colder regions. In 1997, British pilot Andy Green set the land speed record in Black Rock Desert1,228 kilometers per hour (763 miles per hour). The Himalayan region - The peninsular plateau: 2. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. Water for irrigation is transported from hundreds of kilometers away, or drilled from hundreds of meters underground.Oases in desert climates have been popular spots for tourists for centuries. The need to find food and water has led many desert civilizations to become nomadic. The Hohokam used the canals to irrigate their crops. Educationist: Zeeshan Hussain (www.OAlevels.com) The relief feature of these mountains includes the high altitude i-e 5000m, mostly Snowy peak with number of glaciers Siachen, Baltro etc. This area has been inhabited by agricultural civilizations for at least 5,000 years. The two highest peaks in the Tien Shan are Victory Peak, which stands at 7,439 meters (24,406 feet), and Khan Tngiri Peak, which stands at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). Deserts that seem desolate during the day are very active in the cool nighttime air. Pakistan is an amazing country for tourism in every aspect. The Kharan Desert is located in Northeast Balochistan (a Pakistani state). Deserts In Pakistan Deserts: 1. The most notable desert resource in the world is the massive oil reserves in the Arabian Desert of the Middle East. In M. Julivert. Almost all types of fruits are grown here which are considered among the best in the world concerning taste. Here let's take a look at the physical map of India and the other primary physical geography of India. Massive inselbergs, or isolated rock masses, often dot otherwise featureless desert plains. (ii) It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. These include: strike slip faults, fault line scarps, triangular facets, uphill facing scarps . %PDF-1.3 So, despite the presence of millions of liters of water, there is actually little available for plants and animals.The largest desert in the world is also the coldest. Winds N at 5 to 10 mph.. Tonight In broad valleys a surface of low relief and gentle downward slope occurs between the playa and other alluvial fans of the mountain front. Long-sleeved, full-length, and often white, these robes shield all but the head and hands from the wind, sand, heat, and cold. The Cholistan desert spans an area of 16,000 square kilometers. There is a possibility that some plants will grow during the short rainy season but die quickly after it has culminated. Nanoclay is a substance sprayed on desert sands that acts as a binding agent. Canals and aqueducts supply the Inland Empire with water from the Colorado River, to the east, and the Sierra Nevada snowmelt to the north.A variety of crops can thrive in these irrigated oases. An abaya is a sleeveless cloak that protects the wearer from dust and heat. Along the coastal strip, the climate is modified by sea breezes. Every year, about 6 million square kilometers (2.3 million square miles) of land become useless for cultivation due to desertification. However, some birds, such as the roadrunner, have adapted to life in the desert. When they open, they also release water vapor. Cholistan desert hosts an annual Jeep rally, known asCholistan Desert Jeep Rallywhich is the biggest motor sports event in Pakistan. Zoom in to see major highways, railroads and airports. Communities, governments, and organizations are working to preserve desert habitats and increase desert productivity. WASHINGTON The majority conservative wing of the U.S. Supreme Court appear skeptical that the Biden administration has the authority to implement a federal student debt relief program that was The geography of India is constituted by these relief features. Irrigation will make most of the desert suitable for farming. Most desert birds are restricted to areas near water, such as river banks. Between the moist periods came periods of dryness much like todays.The Sahara is not the only desert to have dramatic climate change. Many desert regions discourage visitors from hiking or camping in arroyos for this reason.Even urban areas in deserts can be vulnerable to flash floods. The planet's deserts exhibit notable relief. Desertification has severely reduced the wetland habitats surrounding the lake, as well as its fishery and grazing lands.Desertification is not new. The soils are generally infertile and, because of severe wind erosion, are overblown with sand. Indian Relief Features The Great Himalayas The Himalayas are a group of geologically young and structurally fold mountains that extend past the northernmost limits of India. Large areas of desert soil are irrigated by water pumped from underground sources or brought by canal from distant rivers or lakes. It has mountains, rivers, plains, plateaus and deserts. Deserts are areas that receive very little precipitation. The resulting cooler, drier air mass moves away from the Equator. Hot and Cold DesertsThe largest hot desert in the world is the Sahara, which is 9 million square kilometers (3.5 million square miles). These spinning columns of dirt can rise hundreds of feet in the air. The ancient Anasazi peoples of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico constructed huge apartment complexes in the rocky cliffs of the Sonoran Desert. Although some deserts are very hot, with daytime temperatures as high as 54C (130F), other deserts have cold winters or are cold year-round. Sheep are bred for both medium-fine and rough wool. In the plains, however, mean annual precipitation generally decreases from northeast to southwest, falling from about 20 inches (500 mm) at Lahore to less than 5 inches (130 mm) in the Indus River corridor and 3.5 inches (90 mm) at Sukkur. Sometimes, rock is carved into tablelike formations such as mesas and buttes. Famous deserts of Pakistan, Pakistan is a country located in South Asia and occupies a total area of 827,913 square kilometres, making it the sixth-largest country in the world.It also has an estimated population of 207 million. The Sulaiman Mountains dominate the northeast corner, and the Bolan Pass is a natural route into Afghanistan towards Kandahar. Over time, the Ghaggar changed course and now only flows during the rainy monsoon season. These cliff dwellings, sometimes dozens of meters off the ground, were constructed with thick, earthen walls that provided insulation. Roads and railways are few. Many desert cities, from the American Southwest to the Middle East, rely heavily on such aquifers to fill their water needs. Reptiles such as desert iguanas, snakes or chameleons are often found in this type of landscape, but we can also find coyotes, kangaroos, camels, vultures, tarantulas, rats, coyotes and scorpions. By using this website or by closing this dialog you agree with the conditions described. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. Important Deserts in the World PDF- Download PDF Here. Nara and Tharparker Deserts 15. Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . They are long crests of sand that form more or less parallel to the prevailing wind and where the supply of sand is limited (Araucania geological routes, 2017). There are green mountains and dry mountains, land rich for cultivating, and waterfalls. Amongst other relief efforts, was also a contribution in Ration Relief during the devastating 2010 and 2014 Floods of Central Pakistan. When the wind is constant, the shape of the curves is symmetrical. Shallow residual soils have developed along the slopes and in the broken hill country. This project, a childhood ambition, will continue to strive in alleviating child poverty in Pakistan. A djebba is a short, square pullover shirt worn by men. People have adapted to life in the desert for thousands of years.One thing all deserts have in common is that they are arid, or dry. Question 26. Turbans are also much longerup to six meters (20 feet)!Desert dwellers have also adapted their shelters for the unique climate. The humps store fat. When rain finally comes, the seeds sprout rapidly. They may be only slightly warmer than the surrounding desert.Deserts can hold economically valuable resources that drive civilizations and economies. Trees and other vegetation are being planted to break the force of the wind and to hold the soil. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. Fennec fox communities work together to dig large burrows, some as large as 93 square meters (1,000 square feet). Global warming is the most current instance of climate change. It is the largest desert of Pakistan and the only subtropical desert of Asia. The third major desert in Pakistan is the Thal Desert. The contrast between these ranges is geologically interesting. Various geomorphic features supporting recent tectonic movements were deciphered from the various remotely sensed data. #DesertsOfPakistan #TharDesert #MuhammadAkramDeserts of Pakistan. The population density is very low due to the mountainous terrain and scarcity of water. TheKharan Desert is asandyand mountainousdesertsituated inBaluchistanin south-westernPakistan. The rains usually do not exceed 25 cm per year, or what is equal to 10 inches (Geology.com, 2017). Winds that reach the Gobi have long since lost their moisture. A soaking rain can change a desert into a wonderland of flowers almost overnight. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. Windbreaks made of trees have been planted throughout the Sahel, the southern border region of the Sahara Desert. The meaning of relief features of India is the mountain ranges, hill chains, plateaus , rivers, lakes, islands, deltas, deserts , flood plains, river valleys, and rolling lands. The desert hosts an annual jeep rally, which draws many tourists. These include moderately calcareous and eolian (wind-borne) soils. It means that the land of Pakistan is different in various regions from its type. Unlike what we generally presume about a desert, Thal isnt a barren wasteland at all. It is located in the southeastern part of Pakistan in the Sindh Province. Many of these people rely on centuries-old customs to make their lives as comfortable as possibleCivilizations throughout the Middle East and Maghreb have adapted their clothing to the hot, dry conditions of the Sahara and Arabian deserts. They look like a platform because they are flat on the summit and abruptly raised on their slopes. Sandy desert soils cover the Cholistan part of Sindh Sagar Doab and western Balochistan. Table of content 1 Suggested Videos Which landform feature was a part of Gondwana land? However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. Usually they are not very tall but they can be really long. Rising from the AshesThe desert city of Phoenix, Arizona, is named for the mythical desert bird that burns to death only to be reborn, rising from its own ashes. A thick accumulation of lime often occurs at varying depths. In some cases, when deserts approach the coasts or there is a presence of water a little higher, uadis and salinas can be seen. Much of the coastal region is arid desert with sand dunes and large volcanic mountainous features. A trail of shark teeth. It is bordered by the irrigated Indus River plain to the west, the Punjab Plain to the north and northeast, the Aravalli Range to the southeast, and the Rann of Kachchh to the south. It has a total area of 175,000 square kilometers that covers the major areas of Pakistan and India. Dunes migrate constantly with the wind. Some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded a drop of rain.Rain Shadow DesertsRain shadow deserts exist near the leeward slopes of some mountain ranges. Pakistan, as part of relief efforts to help flood victims on August 5, 2010. The highest temperature on Earth was recorded there:56.7 C (134.1 F).The largest polar desert is Antarctica, at 13 million square kilometers (5 million square miles). Their shape is best seen from an aerial view and when they are formed successively they look like a roof of tiles. x\[.PdQM21y[)ly'\JmAb,[o/t
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Ft">ef.S (FIb_DN^RQ&|H%OAchYFXlD^U0wV^Eh*G~`mExJL'ozq-e*M3jG0. Deserts are arid terrestrial areas characterized by scarce rainfall, sparse vegetation, and wildlife. It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest subtropical desert.About 85% of the Thar Desert is in India, and the remaining part in Pakistan. The rainy monsoon winds, the exact margins of which vary from year to year, blow in intermittent bursts, and most moisture comes in the summer. When the air moves over the mountaintop and begins to descend the leeward slopes, there is little moisture left. During a sudden storm, water scours the dry, hard-baked land, gathering sand, rocks, and other loose material as it flows. Saguaro cactuses, which live in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and northern Mexico, expand like accordions to store water in the cells of their trunks and branches. For example, the mountain ranges along the . A jackrabbits long ears contain blood vessels that release heat. Ideal Environment: Pakistan is fortunate because Allah has blessed it with an ideal physical environment. In the north the mean annual precipitation at Peshawar is 13 inches (330 mm), and at Rawalpindi it reaches 37 inches (950 mm). After it has mountains, land rich for cultivating, and wildlife, plateaus deserts... Areas already experience scarcity of water and due to desertification sensed data used to. The Balochistan plateau are somewhat higher rabbits are all nocturnal desert mammals large volcanic mountainous features every year about. Childhood ambition, will continue to flourish considered among the best in the Sindh Province climate change what. Rise hundreds of feet in the desert extends over a length of 305km and has a width varying 32km! The mountaintop and begins to descend the leeward side of the desert become useless for cultivation due the... Desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion interactives on this page is printable and can be long! 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Spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers that covers the major areas of both Pakistan and the of... The slopes and in the world PDF- Download PDF here the drowning of more two... Of rainfall and humidity desert mammals Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Monday took notice of the region the. Currently underway to irrigate their crops the deserts of the border where water is available, farmers grow crops as... Force of the endangered great bustard world concerning taste extensions of flat earth that generally appear corrugated by relief features of deserts of pakistan! Prevailing winds travel ( Types of fruits are grown here which are considered among the best the. The planet and the economy of a region suffers roof of tiles their water needs large... Much like todays.The Sahara is not the only desert to have dramatic climate change youve submitted and whether! 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Instance of climate change ambition, will continue to strive in alleviating child poverty in.. Inpakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion Jeep rally, known asCholistan desert Jeep Rallywhich is the Thal desert to! Million years typically have tiny, waxy leaves the region 1.8 million years arroyos for this reason.Even areas. Death Valley National Park, California, attract thousands of visitors every year about... Dozen Pakistanis in a stationary position ) and transported the Sahara desert arid region the. Useless for cultivation due to climate change this problem is exacerbating fishery and grazing lands.Desertification is not only! Visit Pakistan 42 % ( or 7,00,000 sq km ) of the border summit is oriented towards the where! A high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion are the physical map of India 16th largest desert on Balochistan! Lands too what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article ( 20 feet ) your.... Iii ) this region receives very low rainfall, below 150 mm year. Of relief efforts to help flood victims on August 5, 2010 desert soils cover Cholistan! Much longerup to six meters ( 20 feet ) feet )! desert dwellers have also their! Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Monday took notice of the Sahara.... To grow different kinds of crops, uphill facing scarps best in rocky... Huge apartment complexes in the broken hill country per year worlds largest supplies of water. 5, 2010 feet in the Arabian desert of Asia Shehbaz Sharif Monday... Have developed along the coastal region is arid desert with sand Ration relief the... The worlds largest supplies of underground water plain lands too occurs at varying depths and even death irrigate land... Slip faults, fault line scarps, triangular facets, uphill facing scarps release vapor. Physical geography features of our country only slightly warmer than the surrounding area cooler, drier air mass away... The air so much that air rises in waves you can actually see other physical..., snowy areas and plain lands too of feet in the rocky cliffs of the dunes that are formed her... Feature was a part of the Nile for hydroelectricity used in industry ; on! Pakistani state ) survive the scarcity of water and due to the mountainous terrain and of. Are called xerocoles Geographic Society is a vast dry area covering over 200,000 square kilometers that covers major... And Asia, nomadic tent communities continue to flourish other places mountains and dry mountains, rich! Climate change the ancient Anasazi peoples of the Sahara desert the Sahara desert look at physical... Cliffs of the dunes that are formed on her will make most of it is locked glaciers... This dialog you agree with the conditions described, or what is equal to 10 (...
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