For the first 25 years after Kings death, Jowers did not claim any involvement in the murder. He decided to assassinate him to stop blacks from getting equal status to the whites. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. It is clear why tyrants wish to keep people from learning about Price and reading the powerful words he wrote defending freedom and Is Christianity the enemy of science? Just before Ray escaped from prison in Tennessee he was visited by his brother. ''. Dexter King, son of slain civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., meeting with James Earl Ray the man who confessed to killing King. Weirich responded: "Its a sad day that someone that out of touch with reality considers himself a viable candidate for one of the important positions in Shelby County. In September 1961, I tried to escape and pulled six months in E-Hall, a 100-year-old building whose third floor was for solitary confinement. USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration In the five decades since Martin Luther King Jr.was shot dead by an assassin at age 39, his children have worked tirelessly to preserve his legacy, sometimes with sharply different views on how best to do that, an article in the March 30 Washington Post said. While serving in the military, Ray was often charged with drunkenness and breaking arrest. Brown was sentenced to five days in jail,[7][15] but was later released on his own recognizance. He said not knowing the truth about his fathers assassination had been painful for the family. The US will celebrate the life of Martin Luther King Jr on Monday, January 18, 2021, remembering all of the tremendous strides the activist-led in promoting civil liberties for all Americans. Judge Brown's lawyer filed an appeal, but the appeal was refused. Two weeks later, after Kennedy had been slain in Dallas, Milteer told the same informant, "everything ran true to form," and the right wing was in the clear because Lee Harvey Oswald . He is a former Shelby County, Tennessee Criminal Court judge and a former arbiter of the arbitration-based reality court show Judge Joe Brown. When authorities caught him in London, hed been planning to travel to Rhodesia, a former African state ruled by a white minority in present-day Zimbabwe. Stoner had trouble getting into the case, however, because no mainstream lawyer wanted anything to do with him. Findings on Martin Luther King, Jr. There were no cellblock TVs in Jefferson City in 1963 and 1964. Therefore, ironically, the society that King intended to bear the cost for his civil disobedience was to be ablack society. There were those who joked about Ray, because of the nature of his attempted escapes. During the six years that James Earl Ray was an inmate at the Missouri State Penitentiary, he kept primarily to himself and, other than for the fact that he attempted to escape on more than one occasion, he had only one conduct violation during that entire time and that was for the possession of three packages of cigarettes, a ball point pen and one pound of coffeeIn addition, you might be interested to know that prior to the Governor's receiving your Mailgram, I personally discussed the allegations and conclusions in the Time magazine article with the author himself, Mr. George McMillan. King was visiting Memphis to settle a strike by garbage workers. Benny and I studied programming together, and in 1966 we worked in the programming office together. In 2011, the only irony greater than the left blaming right wing rhetoric for the violence perpetrated by an individual having no affiliation with the right, might be that the rhetoric of some very powerful people on the left may have had a direct role in the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. That is, of course, if one applies the logic of the left. After the publication of the Playboy story, Ray fired Kershaw when he found that Playboy paid him $11,000 for facilitating the interview. During the 1950 and 60s, the FBI surveilled and harassed King, his family and his associates. Never afraid to share his political views, Grammer is known for his conservative values. He boiled when King came on the tube. The jury awarded the money to the estate, deciding that Kings assassination had likely beenthe result of a conspiracy that involved Jowers, not Ray, as well as ''others, including governmental agencies.''. An hour later, he was declared dead. This should have been driven home years ago when a surreptitious tape recording was made of J.A. I wholeheartedly applaud the verdict of the jury and I feel that justice has been well served in their deliberations, she said. James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 - April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. He was sentenced to twenty years in prison. In the 1950s, Ray became notorious as a petty criminal, and by the end of the decade he was a failed pornographer who had served some jail time and successfully completed a prison escape. Indeed, a former agent from the FBIs field office in Atlanta said the bureaus tracking of King was second only to the way they went after Jimmy Hoffa. In 1975, a group of former FBI agents called on Congress to investigate this harrassment. Thorpe Menn, then book editor of The Star, sent it to me to review. In June 1977 Ray escaped from Brushy Mountain (Tennessee) Prison and remained at large for 54 hours before being recaptured in a massive manhunt. For years convicts had dreamed of escaping in the bread box, but everyone assumed it was searched in the truck tunnel (that they would poke steel rods through the garbage, for example). Early Ray had a criminal history starting from the time he left the American Army. He shot. She told a congressional subcommittee that while she was a member of the Communist Party, she knew Martin Luther King to be closely connected with the Communist Party. Brown joined The American Opinion Speakers Bureau, and while on the lecture circuit, she told audiences that King was the hero of Americas Communists. [23] After his release, he compared himself to notable civil rights activists who spent significant time imprisoned for their activism like Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Stokely Carmichael. On March 28th, riots took place in Memphis and King was present; on March 29th, Democrat Senator Byrd threw down the gauntlet with Democrat president Lyndon Baines Johnson by delivering a fiery speech on the Senate Floor intended to get the president to stop Kings march; Johnson announced on March 31st that he would not seek reelection; a bullet would take the life of King days later on April 4th, one year to the day after delivering what many viewed as an incendiary speech at the time. Meanwhile, William Bradford Huie, gathering information for his book, One of the most intriguing aspects of the, John Wayne Gacy Confessed to Killing Dozens (December 22, 1978). the result of a conspiracy that involved Jowers, not Ray, as well as ''others, including governmental agencies. (Credit: State of Tennessee, Earl Warren/AP Photo), Coretta Kings specific belief in Rays innocence is a little tougher to explain. Among the first to rear his head in Ray's defense was J.B. Stoner, a lawyer who was also head of the National State's Rights Party (and who would later be charged with the bombing of a Birmingham church in which several children died). The ballistics tests proved to be inconclusive and Ray remained in prison. In only two decades, the white population fell by over 300,000; DC became majority-black in the late 1950s.. When the day came, Ray walked up to the bread box, got in, and asked a guy named Don to cover him. The other people involved in this conspiracy, Jowers said, included Memphis police officers, a Mafia member and the infamous Raoul. James Lawson, a Memphis pastor and civil rights institution who helped mentor King, said he began visiting Ray in the Memphis jail in 1969 when Ray complained about being held in solitary. 14. A man named Vincent Harding is credited with writing most of it. If you saw the movie Boyz n the Hood, that was the way I grew up. But a check by United Press International found him still employed by Kings organization. No one else I knew did either. That description comes closer to Jerry Ray than to James Earl Ray. We got involved in several schemes, but our lack of mobility made it difficult to function. In the course of our conversation, I pressed him for details regarding drug sales or any other illegal activities in which staff and/or inmates might have been involved. Said Byrd: Yesterday, Mr. President, the Nation was given a preview of what may be in store for this city by the outrageous and despicable riot that Martin Luther King helped to bring about in Memphis, Tenn. But among legal and historical scholars, there is a broad consensus that James Earl Ray, though he may not have acted alone, is the gunman who shot Martin Luther King. Westberg was warned, and hurriedly got out of the box, which was then filled with bread. He told the clerks at the Aeromarine Supply Company in Brimingham, Alabama (from where he brought the rifle) that he was going on a hunting trip with his brother. He made the FBI Most Wanted List before his recapture. In fact, King's family was as convinced of Ray's innocence as the families of Nicole and Ron were convinced of Simpson's guilt. In 1964 the prison started a computer programming class (so inmates could write programs for state computers). But even if Ray had help, the evidence strongly pointed to him pulling the trigger. Starting with his contribution to the presidential campaign of Wallace, Ray developed a strong animosity towards Martin Luther King Jr. Once, while pulling a robbery, the victims refused to give Ray the money, and he fell out of a window and damned near killed himself. He was named after the church where his father held his first pastorate. James Earl Jones. His perceived inability to deal successfully with those problems led to an overwhelming defeat in his bid for reelection. In order to hang onto your drugs, people had to know that you would kill them without hesitation. ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joe_Brown_(judge)&oldid=1134528878, This page was last edited on 19 January 2023, at 03:56. Hunter Pitts ODell, former National Committee member of the CPUSA, was employed by SCLC. When I got out the third time, I worked in the Tag Plant. Dr. Martin . Just before Ray's escape from Jeff City he was visited by his brother. At that time, King was well aware of Levisons and ODells communist affiliations. In that speech, none other than Robert Byrd pointed to the Memphis riots and the violent consequences as a warning to Johnson not to allow the marches King was planning on Washington in the coming weeks. Lee Harvey Oswald James Earl Ray Sirhan Sirhan . The box was picked up, and Ray successfully escaped on April 23, 1967. The shot that killed Dr. King was fired from the bathroom window at the He was unable to give me any specifics but just responded that "it was common knowledge.". That investigation declassified scores of memos detailing the bureaus abusive behavior, but did not reveal any evidence that the FBI had formally plotted his death. In a story published based on the test, Playboy claimed that Ray had committed the crime alone. Since Ray's arrest for the assassination, he has become mythified. James Earl Ray Sirhan Sirhan Jack Ruby. Most recently, after Ray's death in . James Earl Ray. Now he is presumed to be guilty until he proves his innocence. Ray was finally caught hiding in London in February 1968. Even though he played an elitist liberal psychiatrist on "Frasier," Kelsey Grammer is a Republican in real life. For years after Ray's capture there was a close association between Stoner and Jerry Ray, James Earl Ray's brother. The facts tend to be the same, G. Robert Blakey, a law professor at Notre Dame University, told me on April 8, 1998 during an interview as I worked as a columnist for The Tennessean. He did not want to be buried in the USA because he considered that the American government did not treat him fairly. [3], After graduating from law school, Brown moved to Memphis, Tennessee to work as an attorney for the Legal Services Corporation. It was even rumored that on the second attempt he'd gotten tired of hiding out, and had deliberately set off an alarm so he could get caught and get something to eat. As the paper notes: Through Levisons influence, other subversives were attracted to SCLC [The Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which King helped found]. Even though he immediately pleaded guilty to the murder of King, Ray tried all his life to reverse his sentence. I know they interviewed some inmates, but they did not interview the people most likely to know something (and also the most likely to tell them to go to hell). After reading about the news in newspapers, he immediately drove to Memphis. James Earl Ray was a racist, but there was circumstantial evidence that a businessman in St. Louis had established a $50,000 bounty for King's death." . I've always had trouble accepting Ray as an assassin. He was of Irish, Scots, and Welsh ancestry. While he was still in Los Angeles, Ray had the desire to immigrate to Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe) where a white minority regime declared independence from England in the year 1965. "Excuse me, on what authority do you sit by the way? What Political Party was James Earl Ray part of? In any event, the prison officials never placed him in the same category as Davis, Laster and Westberg, who would unhesitatingly use weapons while escaping. Because Ray had previously tried to escape by hiding out inside the prison, the officials assumed this was another bungled attempt, and they began a meticulous search of the prison, which covered 47 acres. The crisis at the Democratic National Convention marked a . James Earl Ray was a racist, but there was circumstantial evidence that a businessman in St. Louis had established a $50,000 bounty for Kings death.. There are records of Ray receiving plastic surgery in Los Angeles about a month before Kings murder in Memphis. Ray, a hardened thief, robber and a sometimes-moody liar, assassinated the Rev. When, without warning, Ray was allowed to plead guilty and was sentenced to 99 years, without a public trial, millions of people suspected a cover-up. Ray was never that type. Stokely Carmichael of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), an extremist Black Nationalist organization, has conferred with King. it from Birmingham, Ala., to Memphis, Tenn., where he rented a room at 422 1/2 South Main Street, and moments after the assassination, he dropped In the year 1977, Ray escaped from the prison for the second time along with six other convicts from the Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary located in Petros, Tennessee. James Earl White (born July 16, 1964) is a former member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 19, which encompassed Polk, Hardin, Jasper, Newton, and Tyler counties. Ostensibly only a New York City attorney and businessman, Levison is, in fact, a shrewd, dedicated communist. Was James earl ray white? For some 50 years, the federal government has maintained that James Earl Ray was the gunman who assassinated King that day. The murder of Lee Harvey Oswald had closed the door to an open trial that might have answered the question of whether Oswald acted alone, or was part of a conspiracy. There is abundant evidence of a major high level conspiracy in the assassination of my husband, Martin Luther King, Jr., Coretta King said at a press conference in 1999, according to The King Center. King was one of the worst enemies my people ever had. Her reference to my people was to her race, since she was black. As noted, the committee concluded that James Earl Ray was the assassin of Dr. King. He was immediately extradited to USA. James. While some speculate this was an attempt to hide his identity before killing King, others point to Ray's lack of care about disguising himself in other elements of the assassination plot. It got so that the very sight of King would galvanize Ray. King still tried to hide ODell in his organization until July, 1963, when he accepted ODells resignation. As King put it, ODells release was not because of connections between ODell and the CPUSA but because of the emotional public response. Early life [ edit] He was about five years older than me. By that time I was classified as incorrigible. [7] He lost the general election to Republican incumbent Amy Weirich by 65% to 35%, after making comments about her sexuality. As with most cases, the answer is yes. James Earl Ray was an American assassin convicted for the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. After his conviction, he spent all his life in prison. "doesn't know anything.". 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Ray died on April 23, 1998 at the Columbia Nashville Memorial Hospital due to Hepatitis C at the age of 70. He was first convicted for a burglary in California in the year 1949. He later joined the American army at the end of the Second World War and served in Germany. Declassified FBI Paper Reveals Martin Luther Kings Sexual Aberrations, Martin Luther King Day Based on MLKs Image, Not Reality, Martin Luther King: The Celebration of a Myth. Shortly before his seventh birthday, in 1935, his father passed a bad check and the Rays fled to Ewing, Missouri, where they changed their name to Raynes to avoid . In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed the holiday into law, and it was first recognized three years later. In that atmosphere, escape became almost impossible. In March 2014, Brown won the Democratic primary for the position of Shelby County district attorney. After his capture, his sentence was extended by one more year to 100 years. He was deemed not fit for military service due to the lack of discipline. In my many discussions with people such as Laster, Westberg and Davis on the subject of escape--and how to avoid capture afterward--no one mentioned that method.). It stated that King had allied himself with black nationalist groups that planned to seize the initiative and escalate the nonviolent demonstrations into violence. It continued: King has met with black nationalists and attempted to solicit their support. An hour later, he was declared dead. Each year, the third Monday in January is a celebration to commemoratethe life and accomplishments of Martin Luther King Jr., the tireless civil rights activist who was gunned down in Memphis, TN, in 1968. My review took issue with many assumptions in the book, such as those centering on Ray's involvement with drugs in prison, and how he escaped from Jefferson City. Because of the 1959 incident, Jerry had so much heat on him that if the guards lost sight of him for even a few minutes, they panicked. Westberg was involved in several more escape plots, but he had so much heat on him he could never personally use the routes he discovered. James Earl Ray did it, case closed! When Ray pled guilty and was sentenced to 99 years in prison, his role in the assassination was a matter of serious dispute. The verdict did convict Loyd Jowers and "other parties known and unknown" for their parts in the vast US government conspiracy to assassinate King. On 30 January 1961, Dexter Scott King, the third child of Martin and Coretta Scott King, was born. In the hours and days after the Tucson shootings, the left wing media in America attempted to blame the Tea Party and right wing rhetoric for the deaths of six and the injuries of thirteen. The 12-person jury verdict unanimous exonerated the "patsy" James Earl Ray for any role in the assassination of MLK. The project, while stopping short of violent riots, nevertheless advocated widespread civil disobedience (a nonviolent, but nevertheless illegal activity) that King said he and 3,000 of his followers planned on staging in Washington that spring. Those who express skepticism at the results of the 1999 trial in which James Earl Ray was found innocent of assassinating King have an incredible hurdle to overcome the belief of the King family, which sides with Ray. Different convicts had different hustles to make money. Although Westberg liked Ray, he never brought him around us. Some of the books written about the assassination describe him as a major drug dealer in Jefferson City, which is ludicrous. In 1997, King told Ray personally that both he and his family believed him. As one example, Dan Smoot, a former FBI agent, was a steadfast anti-Communist who became associated with The John Birch Society and wrote for the societys American Opinion and The Review Of The News magazines. . The greatest sin a convict can commit in prison is to escape. He was right, but he would never be that man. During the four-week trial in Memphis, a 12-person jury heard testimony from over 70 witnesses; but not Jowers, who didnt testify because there were no criminal charges at stake. His first prison break happened in 1967, when he escaped the Missouri State Penitentiary on a bread truck before fleeing to Canada. The paper quotes Kings statement explaining his strategy: To dislocate the function of a city without destroying it can be more effective than a riot, because it can be longer lasting, costly to society, and not wantonly destructive., Kings admission that the strategy he planned for Washington, D.C, would be costly to society is startling in view of a fact noted in The Urban Institute report, Our Changing City, which observed: 1950 also marked the start of the white exodus to the suburbs. So Westberg, who was assigned to work in the kitchen at that time, figured a man could get in the bread box, have a tray of bread placed on top of him, and pass right out of the prison (the box also had a lid over the top tray of bread). Could Chinas Petroyuan Give Rise to a New World Energy Order? Yet given the way the bureau had treated her and her family, her suspicion of the FBI and its conclusions about her husbands killer came from a very reasonable place, says John McMillian, a history professor at Georgia State University. But Westberg had been told that the guard did not open the bread box. In the early 1990s, he started suggesting that the government might be behind the assassination. Ray fled to Toronto, secured a Canadian passport through a travel agency, flew to London (May 5), then to Lisbon (May 7? This doesnt mean that Ray couldnt have received assistance. UN Pushing New Age Spirituality on Schoolchildren, Arizona Poised to Make Pledge of Allegiance Mandatory in Schools. I've been amazed over the years at the naivet of authors who have written about Ray's activities in Jeff City; the things they put forth as facts just simply couldn't be true. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Top of Page The manhunt was the most expensive and biggest for the FBI (at that time). Benny was eventually placed on the FBI's 10-Most-Wanted list and was captured in Canada, where he was posing as an engineer and had married a school teacher. But it turned out that rather than discharging this key Red, he had transferred and promoted ODell to a higher post within Kings Southern Christian Leadership Conference. It was a clear case of arson, and five people from Marlborough were duly convicted of the crime. You would also know who had just gotten a shipment of dope. If this self-seeking rabble-rouser is allowed to go through with his plans here, Washington may well be treated to the same kind of violence, destruction, looting, and bloodshed.1. Guys told me he would hound you relentlessly if you owed him a quarter, but he wouldn't threaten you with violence. I served my six months, got out and was put right back in for using amphetamine. . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. On April 4, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. When I tried to mail my review to The Star, the prison officials refused to allow it to leave the prison. It seems clear to me that there was a conspiracy to murder King, and that James Earl Ray was involved. Justice on Fire is OConnors detailed account of the terrible explosion that led to the firefighters deaths and the terrible injustice that followed. Brown was thrust into the national spotlight while presiding over James Earl Ray's last appeal of his conviction for the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Brown was removed from the reopened investigation of King's murder due to alleged bias. In my interviews with him, I've found him to be eerily unflappable. In the year 1959, he was caught stealing $120 from a Kroger Store in St. Louis. There it was once again: A belief from the Rev. The jury was clearly convinced by the extensive evidence that was presented during the trial that, in addition to Mr. Jowers, the conspiracy of the Mafia, local, state and federal government agencies, were deeply involved in the assassination of my husband.. The Q64 bullet was a .30-06 caliber bullet of Remington-Peters manufacture. Brown later worked for the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. If they hadn't located Westberg in a few minutes, they would have shut down the entire prison. and condition of the Q64 bullet. 10 Disturbing and Unexplained Facts About James Earl Ray, MLK's Assassin. It's a seductive thought. The Q2 rifle-had general class characteristics of six lands and But what do you know about James Earl Ray, the man who assassinated Martin Luther King? He is the one who sits in leadership and is the most powerful person of a country. Over several decades, federal investigators have routinely concluded that Raoul doesnt exist. For example, if you worked in the laundry you could charge people to starch and iron their clothes. Godspeed." Likewise, this statement is attributed (without sourcing) to Limbaugh in 101 People Who Are Really Screwing America. This list details the strange, unstable life of James Earl Ray, a man who confessed to and then spent his life denyingthe murder of Martin Luther King Jr. james earl ray political partymr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 . We miss you, James. None. When ODells position as a member of the National Committee of the Communist Party was revealed in 1961, King supposedly fired him. James Earl Ray. The bread box would have to pass through the truck tunnel, where all incoming and outgoing vehicles were searched. Also, after he moved to St. Louis he lived in south St. Louis, an area known for its racism. According to Harding, King had already severely angered Johnson by delivering that speech, which could have made Johnson quite receptive to Byrds sentiment. a lawyer who was also head of the National State's Rights Party (and who would later be charged with the bombing of a Birmingham church in which several children died). 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